具体原因：使用yum搜索某些rpm包，找不到包是因为CentOS是RedHat企业版编译过来的，去掉了所有关于版权问题的东西。安装EPEL后可以很好的解决这个问题。EPEL(Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux )即企业版Linux的扩展包，提供了很多可共Centos使用的组件，安装完这个以后基本常用的rpm都可以找到。
Method #1从企业版Linux库配置包中安装扩展包。（推荐 ）
- [root@localhost~]#sudoyuminstallepel-release
- Loadedplugins:fastestmirror,langpacks
- Loadingmirrorspeedsfromcachedhostfile
- ResolvingDependencies
- -->Runningtransactioncheck
- --->Packageepel-release.noarch0:7-5willbeinstalled
- -->FinishedDependencyResolution
- DependenciesResolved
- ================================================================================
- PackageArchVersionRepositorySize
- ================================================================================
- Installing:
- epel-releasenoarch7-5extras14k
- TransactionSummary
- ================================================================================
- Install1Package
- Totaldownloadsize:14k
- Installedsize:24k
- Isthisok[y/d/N]:y
- Downloadingpackages:
- epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm|14kB00:01
- Runningtransactioncheck
- Runningtransactiontest
- Transactiontestsucceeded
- Runningtransaction
- Installing:epel-release-7-5.noarch1/1
- Verifying:epel-release-7-5.noarch1/1
- Installed:
- epel-release.noarch0:7-5
- Complete!
Method #2 从dl.fedoraproject.org安装扩展包。
1.使用wget命令下载epel-release：
- [root@localhost~]#cd/tmp
- [root@localhost~]#wgethttps://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpmls*.rpm
或者通过wiki查找到对应版本的epel后，再下载：
[root@localhost~]#wgethttp://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm 或 [root@localhost~]#wgethttp://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/epel/7/x86_64/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm//中国科学技术大学镜像
2.安装：
- [root@localhost~]#sudoyuminstallepel-release-7.noarch.rpm
注意：
1. epel的版本要与centos的版本相对应，否则安装失败，即centos7版本要对应epel7版本。
2.rpm安装完后，rpm -ql epel*，确提示未安装，此时要导入rpm的签名信息
#rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 （root身份执行）
