<div style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
一、 工厂方法（Factory Method）模式
方法（FactoryMethod）模式是类的创建模式，其用意是定义一个创建产品对象的工厂接口，将实际创建工作推迟到子类中。
方法模式是简单工厂模式的进一步抽象和推广。由于使用了多态性，工厂方法模式保持了简单工厂模式的优点，而且克服了它的缺点。
方法模式中，核心的工厂类不再负责所有产品的创建，而是将具体创建工作交给子类去做。这个核心类仅仅负责给出具体工厂必须实现的接口，而不接触哪一个产品类被实例化这种细节。这使得工厂方法模式可以允许系统在不修改工厂角色的情况下引进新产品。
二、 Factory Method模式角色与结构：
方法模式的核心，与应用程序无关。任何在模式中创建的对象的工厂类必须实现这个接口。
调用以创建产品对象。在上图中有两个这样的角色：BulbCreator与TubeCreator。
方法模式所创建的对象的超类型，也就是产品对象的共同父类或共同拥有的接口。在上图中，这个角色是Light。
三、 程序举例：
Highlighter1_45_116_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_45_116_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">
Highlighter1_150_327_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_150_327_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_188_236_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_188_236_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/7a2b9a960ee9a98bfd25d306d55009f8.gif" align="top"> Highlighter1_276_325_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_276_325_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/7a2b9a960ee9a98bfd25d306d55009f8.gif" align="top"> Highlighter1_361_538_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_361_538_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_399_447_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_399_447_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/7a2b9a960ee9a98bfd25d306d55009f8.gif" align="top"> Highlighter1_487_536_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_487_536_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/7a2b9a960ee9a98bfd25d306d55009f8.gif" align="top"> Highlighter1_573_611_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_573_611_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_649_717_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_649_717_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_689_715_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_689_715_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/7a2b9a960ee9a98bfd25d306d55009f8.gif" align="top"> Highlighter1_755_823_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_755_823_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_795_821_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_795_821_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/7a2b9a960ee9a98bfd25d306d55009f8.gif" align="top"> Highlighter1_846_1153_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_846_1153_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_880_1151_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_880_1151_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/7a2b9a960ee9a98bfd25d306d55009f8.gif" align="top">
Highlighter1_150_327_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_188_236_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_276_325_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_361_538_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_399_447_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_487_536_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_573_611_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_649_717_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_689_715_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_755_823_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_795_821_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_846_1153_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_880_1151_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">
方法的活动序列图
包括：
调用BulbCreator的factory方法，之后BulbCreator调用BulbLight的构造函数创造出产品BulbLight对象。
四、 工厂方法模式与简单工厂模式
方法模式与简单工厂模式再结构上的不同不是很明显。工厂方法类的核心是一个抽象工厂类，而简单工厂模式把核心放在一个具体类上。
方法模式之所以有一个别名叫多态性工厂模式是因为具体工厂类都有共同的接口，或者有共同的抽象父类。
添加新的产品对象时，仅仅需要添加一个具体对象以及一个具体工厂对象，原有工厂对象不需要进行任何修改，也不需要修改客户端，很好的符合了"开放－封闭"原则。而简单工厂模式在添加新产品对象后不得不修改工厂方法，扩展性不好。
方法模式退化后可以演变成简单工厂模式。
五、 Factory Method模式演化
方法抽象工厂角色可以规定出多于一个的工厂方法，从而使具体工厂角色实现这些不同的工厂方法，这些方法可以提供不同的商业逻辑，以满足提供不同的产品对象的任务。
方法总是调用产品类的构造函数以创建一个新的产品实例，然后将这个实例提供给客户端。而在实际情形中，工厂方法所做的事情可以相当复杂。
查询。如果有满足要求的产品对象，就直接将产品返回客户端；如果聚集中没有这样的产品对象，那么就创建一个新的满足要求的产品对象，然后将这个对象登记到聚集中，再返还给客户端。"享元模式（Flyweight Pattern）"就是这样一个模式。
方法模式的实现依赖于工厂角色和产品角色的多态性。在有些情况下，这个模式可以出现退化。
方法返回的类型应当是抽象类型，而不是具体类型。调用工厂方法的客户端应当依赖抽象产品编程，而不是具体产品。如果工厂仅仅返回一个具体产品对象，便违背了工厂方法的用意，发生退化，这时就不再是工厂模式了。
六、 Factory Method模式与其它模式的关系
方法模式有关的模式还包括：模板方法模式、MVC模式、享元模式、备忘录模式
七、 另外一个例子
Highlighter1_125_127_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_125_127_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_175_177_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_175_177_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_228_230_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_228_230_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_282_284_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_282_284_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_338_340_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_338_340_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_389_391_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_389_391_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_443_445_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_443_445_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_494_496_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_494_496_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_550_552_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_550_552_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_592_861_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_592_861_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_695_723_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_695_723_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/7a2b9a960ee9a98bfd25d306d55009f8.gif" align="top"> Highlighter1_770_799_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_770_799_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/7a2b9a960ee9a98bfd25d306d55009f8.gif" align="top"> Highlighter1_779_795_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_779_795_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/7a2b9a960ee9a98bfd25d306d55009f8.gif" align="top"> getHighlighter1_909_1104_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_909_1104_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_986_1102_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_986_1102_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/7a2b9a960ee9a98bfd25d306d55009f8.gif" align="top"> Highlighter1_1152_1428_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_1152_1428_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_1229_1426_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_1229_1426_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/7a2b9a960ee9a98bfd25d306d55009f8.gif" align="top"> Highlighter1_1431_1486_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_1431_1486_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">/**//// 
Highlighter1_1510_1936_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_1510_1936_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/1c53668bcee393edac0d7b3b3daff1ae.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_1557_1934_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_1557_1934_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/7a2b9a960ee9a98bfd25d306d55009f8.gif" align="top"> Highlighter1_1780_1930_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">![]()
Highlighter1_1780_1930_Closed_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/7a2b9a960ee9a98bfd25d306d55009f8.gif" align="top">
Highlighter1_175_177_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_228_230_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_282_284_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_338_340_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_389_391_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_443_445_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_494_496_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_550_552_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_592_861_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_695_723_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_770_799_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_779_795_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_909_1104_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_986_1102_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_1152_1428_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_1229_1426_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_1431_1486_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_1510_1936_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/405b18b4b6584ae338e0f6ecaf736533.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_1557_1934_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">Highlighter1_1780_1930_Open_Image" onclick="code_collapse_toggle(this);" src="/res/2019/03-05/01/2887d91d0594ef8793c1db92b8a1d545.gif" align="top">
Box,Chris Sells，《.NET本质论 第1卷：公共语言运行库》，中国电力出版社
