首先我们来回顾下代理的概念,所谓代理就是指的是一端面向客户端,另外一端面向服务端,代理客户端访问服务端,我们把这种代理叫正向代理;代理服务端响应客户端我们叫做反向代理,这个我们在之前Nginx系列博客中阐述过这样的概念;不管是正向代理还是反向代理他们都是代理,他们都有一个共同点就是代表一端(客户端/服务端)访问或响应另一端;简单讲代理就是即充当服务端角色又充当客户端角色;在mariadb的主从复制集群中,读的能力被扩展了,而写的能力始终没有被扩展;这样一来对于主服务器就存在单点的问题,通常除了做双主可解决主节点单点的问题,我们还可以给主节点做高可用;而对于mariadb的主从复制集群来讲,虽然读的能力提升了,但通常情况后端数据库服务器是直接面向程序,这意味着程序要知道读请求和写请求该发往不同的数据库服务器上;在用户发来读请求,这个程序它会分析用户的请求,然后把用户的请求代理到后端server上;也就是说我们需要一个程序能够解析用户的读写操作,把对应的操作代理到后端不同的节点上;这样一来用户的读操作始终均衡的被调度到从节点,写操作调度到主节点;proxysql这款软件就有我们上面说的功能,它能够将用户发来的读写操作,通过proxysql的语句路由,把对应请求分别发送到不同节点执行;如下图所示:
从上面的图片可以看到,proxysql就是一代理,面向程序它就是一数据库服务器,程序把读操作和写操作都发送给它,然后proxysql通过我们定义的路由规则,把对应语句再代理到不同的后端主从架构节点上执行;接下来我们来看看proxysql的配置和使用吧;以下实验室基于mariadb的主从复制集群上做的,有关主从复制的配置请参考https://www.cnblogs.com/qiuhom-1874/tag/mariadb%E4%B8%BB%E4%BB%8E%E5%A4%8D%E5%88%B6/;
2、查看proxysql的简介
- [root@lxc ~]# yum info proxysql
- Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
- Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
- * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
- * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
- * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
- Available Packages
- Name : proxysql
- Arch : x86_64
- Version : 2.0.12
- Release : 1
- Size : 9.8 M
- Repo : proxysql_repo/7
- Summary : A high-performance MysqL proxy
- URL : https://proxysql.com/
- License : GPL+
- Description : A high-performance MysqL proxy
-
- [root@lxc ~]#
提示:如果添加了yum直接yum info proxysql能够看到以上信息,表示我们添加到yum源已经生效;
3、安装proxysql
- [root@lxc ~]# yum install proxysql
- Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
- proxysql_repo | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
- Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
- * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
- * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
- * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
- Resolving Dependencies
- --> Running transaction check
- ---> Package proxysql.x86_64 0:2.0.12-1 will be installed
- --> Processing Dependency: libgnutls.so.28(GNUTLS_3_1_0)(64bit) for package: proxysql-2.0.12-1.x86_64
- --> Processing Dependency: libgnutls.so.28(GNUTLS_3_0_0)(64bit) for package: proxysql-2.0.12-1.x86_64
- --> Processing Dependency: gnutls for package: proxysql-2.0.12-1.x86_64
- --> Processing Dependency: libgnutls.so.28(GNUTLS_1_4)(64bit) for package: proxysql-2.0.12-1.x86_64
- --> Processing Dependency: libgnutls.so.28()(64bit) for package: proxysql-2.0.12-1.x86_64
- --> Running transaction check
- ---> Package gnutls.x86_64 0:3.3.29-9.el7_6 will be installed
- --> Processing Dependency: trousers >= 0.3.11.2 for package: gnutls-3.3.29-9.el7_6.x86_64
- --> Processing Dependency: libnettle.so.4()(64bit) for package: gnutls-3.3.29-9.el7_6.x86_64
- --> Processing Dependency: libhogweed.so.2()(64bit) for package: gnutls-3.3.29-9.el7_6.x86_64
- --> Running transaction check
- ---> Package nettle.x86_64 0:2.7.1-8.el7 will be installed
- ---> Package trousers.x86_64 0:0.3.14-2.el7 will be installed
- --> Finished Dependency Resolution
-
- Dependencies Resolved
-
- =====================================================================================================================================================================
- Package Arch Version Repository Size
- =====================================================================================================================================================================
- Installing:
- proxysql x86_64 2.0.12-1 proxysql_repo 9.8 M
- Installing for dependencies:
- gnutls x86_64 3.3.29-9.el7_6 base 680 k
- nettle x86_64 2.7.1-8.el7 base 327 k
- trousers x86_64 0.3.14-2.el7 base 289 k
-
- Transaction Summary
- =====================================================================================================================================================================
- Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)
-
- Total download size: 11 M
- Installed size: 41 M
- Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
- Downloading packages:
- (1/4): gnutls-3.3.29-9.el7_6.x86_64.rpm | 680 kB 00:00:00
- (2/4): nettle-2.7.1-8.el7.x86_64.rpm | 327 kB 00:00:00
- (3/4): trousers-0.3.14-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 289 kB 00:00:00
- warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/proxysql_repo/packages/proxysql-2.0.12-1-centos7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature,key ID 79953b49: NOKEYMB 00:00:04 ETA
- Public key for proxysql-2.0.12-1-centos7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
- (4/4): proxysql-2.0.12-1-centos7.x86_64.rpm | 9.8 MB 00:28:05
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Total 6.7 kB/s | 11 MB 00:28:05
- Retrieving key from https://repo.proxysql.com/Proxysql/repo_pub_key
- Importing GPG key 0x79953B49:
- Userid : "rene cannnao (Proxysql Repository) <rene.cannao@gmail.com>"
- Fingerprint: 1448 bf69 3ca6 00c7 99eb 9358 04a5 62fb 7995 3b49
- From : https://repo.proxysql.com/Proxysql/repo_pub_key
- Is this ok [y/N]: y
- Running transaction check
- Running transaction test
- Transaction test succeeded
- Running transaction
- Installing : trousers-0.3.14-2.el7.x86_64 1/4
- Installing : nettle-2.7.1-8.el7.x86_64 2/4
- Installing : gnutls-3.3.29-9.el7_6.x86_64 3/4
- Installing : proxysql-2.0.12-1.x86_64 4/4
- warning: group proxysql does not exist - using root
- warning: group proxysql does not exist - using root
- Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/proxysql.service to /etc/systemd/system/proxysql.service.
- Verifying : gnutls-3.3.29-9.el7_6.x86_64 1/4
- Verifying : proxysql-2.0.12-1.x86_64 2/4
- Verifying : nettle-2.7.1-8.el7.x86_64 3/4
- Verifying : trousers-0.3.14-2.el7.x86_64 4/4
-
- Installed:
- proxysql.x86_64 0:2.0.12-1
-
- Dependency Installed:
- gnutls.x86_64 0:3.3.29-9.el7_6 nettle.x86_64 0:2.7.1-8.el7 trousers.x86_64 0:0.3.14-2.el7
-
- Complete!
- [root@lxc ~]#
提示:除此以上方式安装proxysql,当然也可以直接使用wget 去github上的项目地址下载
提示:下载好proxysql 包后,然后通过yum直接安装即可;推荐使用yum来安装下载好的包,它可以解决依赖关系,不推荐使用rpm 安装;
提示:从上面的信息可以看到proxysql的配置文件是/etc/proxysql.cnf,二进制文件是/usr/bin/proxysql,unit file是/etc/systemd/system/proxysql.service
5、配置proxysql
- [root@lxc ~]# cat /etc/proxysql.cnf
- ########################################################################################
-
- datadir="/var/lib/proxysql"
- errorlog="/var/lib/proxysql/proxysql.log"
-
- admin_variables=
- {
- admin_credentials="admin:admin"
- # MysqL_ifaces="127.0.0.1:6032;/tmp/proxysql_admin.sock"
- MysqL_ifaces="0.0.0.0:6033"
- # refresh_interval=2000
- # debug=true
- }
-
- MysqL_variables=
- {
- threads=4
- max_connections=2048
- default_query_delay=0
- default_query_timeout=36000000
- have_compress=true
- poll_timeout=2000
- # interfaces="0.0.0.0:6033;/tmp/proxysql.sock"
- interfaces="0.0.0.0:3306"
- default_schema="information_schema"
- stacksize=1048576
- server_version="5.5.30"
- connect_timeout_server=3000
- # make sure to configure monitor username and password
- # https://github.com/sysown/proxysql/wiki/Global-variables#MysqL-monitor_username-MysqL-monitor_password
- monitor_username="monitor"
- monitor_password="monitor"
- monitor_history=600000
- monitor_connect_interval=60000
- monitor_ping_interval=10000
- monitor_read_only_interval=1500
- monitor_read_only_timeout=500
- ping_interval_server_msec=120000
- ping_timeout_server=500
- commands_stats=true
- sessions_sort=true
- connect_retries_on_failure=10
- }
-
-
- # defines all the MysqL servers
- MysqL_servers =
- (
- {
- address = "192.168.0.22" # no default,required . If port is 0,address is interpred as a Unix Socket Domain
- port = 3306 # no default,address is interpred as a Unix Socket Domain
- hostgroup = 3 # no default,required
- status = "ONLINE" # default: ONLINE
- weight = 1 # default: 1
- compression = 0 # default: 0
- max_replication_lag = 10 # default 0 . If greater than 0 and replication lag passes such threshold,the server is shunned
- },{
- address = "192.168.0.23" # no default,address is interpred as a Unix Socket Domain
- hostgroup = 4 # no default,the server is shunned
- }
- )
-
-
- # defines all the MysqL users
- MysqL_users:
- (
- {
- username = "root" # no default,required
- password = "admin123.com" # default: ''
- default_hostgroup = 3 # default: 0
- active = 1 # default: 1
- }
- )
-
-
-
- #defines MysqL Query Rules
- MysqL_query_rules:
- (
- {
- rule_id=1
- active=1
- match_pattern="^SELECT .* FOR UPDATE$"
- destination_hostgroup=3
- apply=1
- },{
- rule_id=2
- active=1
- match_pattern="^SELECT"
- destination_hostgroup=4
- apply=1
- }
- )
-
-
-
- MysqL_replication_hostgroups=
- (
- {
- writer_hostgroup=3
- reader_hostgroup=4
- comment="test repl 1"
- }
- )
-
- [root@lxc ~]#
提示:proxysql配置文件分几个大段,admin_variables这个段里主要配置管理相关变量,比如管理用户名和密码,监听的地址和端口等等;MysqL_variables配置proxysql连接后端MysqL相关配置,里面有连接后端的server监听的端口,线程数,最大连接数,以及监控相关参数;MysqL_servers配置后端MysqL/mariadb服务器的地址端口,以及权重,所属组等;MysqL_users配置连接后端MysqL/mariadb所需的账号和密码以及默认连接到的组;MysqL_query_rules配置查询规则,那些语句是写操作,那些语句是读操作;MysqL_replication_hostgroups配置写操作对应的组号和读操作对应组号;这里需要注意一点,如果一个配置段中有多个大括号,相互之间用逗号隔离,如果是最后一个大括号需要把后面的逗号去掉;
6、在主从复制节点创建上面配置的账号信息
创建root账号
- [root@docker_node01 ~]# MysqL
- Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
- Your MariaDB connection id is 9
- Server version: 5.5.65-MariaDB MariaDB Server
-
- Copyright (c) 2000,2018,Oracle,MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
-
- Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
-
- MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host,password from MysqL.user;
- +---------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------+
- | user | host | password |
- +---------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------+
- | root | localhost | |
- | root | docker\_node01.io | |
- | root | 127.0.0.1 | |
- | root | ::1 | |
- | rpluser | 192.168.0.% | *4ACFE3202A5FF5CF467898FC58AAB1D615029441 |
- +---------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------+
- 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-
- MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.0.%' identified by 'admin123.com' with grant option;
- Query OK,0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
-
- MariaDB [(none)]> select user,password from MysqL.user;
- +---------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------+
- | user | host | password |
- +---------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------+
- | root | localhost | |
- | root | docker\_node01.io | |
- | root | 127.0.0.1 | |
- | root | ::1 | |
- | rpluser | 192.168.0.% | *4ACFE3202A5FF5CF467898FC58AAB1D615029441 |
- | root | 192.168.0.% | *2D9AC2437F9E59A51BE8BA89A3D59E76F32F55E8 |
- +---------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------+
- 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-
- MariaDB [(none)]>
提示:在主节点创建账号会自动同步到从节点,所以从节点可以不用再创建;
创建monitor账号
- MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to 'monitor'@'192.168.0.%' identified by 'monitor' with grant option;
- Query OK,password from MysqL.user;
- +---------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------+
- | user | host | password |
- +---------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------+
- | root | localhost | |
- | root | docker\_node01.io | |
- | root | 127.0.0.1 | |
- | root | ::1 | |
- | rpluser | 192.168.0.% | *4ACFE3202A5FF5CF467898FC58AAB1D615029441 |
- | root | 192.168.0.% | *2D9AC2437F9E59A51BE8BA89A3D59E76F32F55E8 |
- | monitor | 192.168.0.% | *1975D095AC033CAF4E1BF94F7202A9BBFEEB66F1 |
- +---------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------+
- 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-
- MariaDB [(none)]>
7、启动proxysql
提示:可以看到我们配置的proxysql管理端监听在6033,启动4个线程来连接后端mariadb服务器,对应的端口都已经处于监听状态了;
8、连接管理端口
- [root@lxc ~]# MysqL -uadmin -padmin -h192.168.0.21 -P6033
- ERROR 1040 (42000): User 'admin' can only connect locally
- [root@lxc ~]# MysqL -uadmin -padmin -h127.0.0.1 -P6033
- Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
- Your MysqL connection id is 7
- Server version: 5.5.30 (Proxysql Admin Module)
-
- Copyright (c) 2000,MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
-
- Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
-
- MysqL [(none)]> show databases;
- +-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+
- | seq | name | file |
- +-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+
- | 0 | main | |
- | 2 | disk | /var/lib/proxysql/proxysql.db |
- | 3 | stats | |
- | 4 | monitor | |
- | 5 | stats_history | /var/lib/proxysql/proxysql_stats.db |
- +-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+
- 5 rows in set (0.001 sec)
-
- MysqL [(none)]>
提示:管理接口默认只能本地连接,但是我们配置管理接口监听在本机所有地址上,所以连接时指定主机地址要使用127.0.0.1才可以,如果使用localhost,它默认会通过sock文件去连接;从上面的结果可以看到,在proxysql上有5个库,其中main库主要存放我们刚才配置相关的表在里面;如下
- MysqL [(none)]> use main
- Reading table information for completion of table and column names
- You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
-
- Database changed
- MysqL [main]> show tables;
- +----------------------------------------------------+
- | tables |
- +----------------------------------------------------+
- | global_variables |
- | MysqL_aws_aurora_hostgroups |
- | MysqL_collations |
- | MysqL_firewall_whitelist_rules |
- | MysqL_firewall_whitelist_sqli_fingerprints |
- | MysqL_firewall_whitelist_users |
- | MysqL_galera_hostgroups |
- | MysqL_group_replication_hostgroups |
- | MysqL_query_rules |
- | MysqL_query_rules_fast_routing |
- | MysqL_replication_hostgroups |
- | MysqL_servers |
- | MysqL_users |
- | proxysql_servers |
- | restapi_routes |
- | runtime_checksums_values |
- | runtime_global_variables |
- | runtime_MysqL_aws_aurora_hostgroups |
- | runtime_MysqL_firewall_whitelist_rules |
- | runtime_MysqL_firewall_whitelist_sqli_fingerprints |
- | runtime_MysqL_firewall_whitelist_users |
- | runtime_MysqL_galera_hostgroups |
- | runtime_MysqL_group_replication_hostgroups |
- | runtime_MysqL_query_rules |
- | runtime_MysqL_query_rules_fast_routing |
- | runtime_MysqL_replication_hostgroups |
- | runtime_MysqL_servers |
- | runtime_MysqL_users |
- | runtime_proxysql_servers |
- | runtime_restapi_routes |
- | runtime_scheduler |
- | scheduler |
- +----------------------------------------------------+
- 32 rows in set (0.001 sec)
-
- MysqL [main]> select * from MysqL_servers;
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- | hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- | 3 | 192.168.0.22 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- | 4 | 192.168.0.23 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- 2 rows in set (0.001 sec)
-
- MysqL [main]>
提示:main库中的表以runtime开头的表示当前生效的配置,如果我们要运行时修改配置,我们需要先修改不是runtime开头的表,然后通过load 加载到runtime开头的表中,然后在save存储到文件;
proxysql的多层配置系统
- +-------------------------+
- | RUNTIME |
- +-------------------------+
- /|\ |
- | |
- [1] | [2] |
- | \|/
- +-------------------------+
- | MEMORY |
- +-------------------------+ _
- /|\ | |\
- | | \
- [3] | [4] | \ [5]
- | \|/ \
- +-------------------------+ +-------------------------+
- | DISK | | CONFIG FILE |
- +-------------------------+ +-------------------------+
提示:从上面的图可以看到proxysql的配置系统分三层,最上面一层是runtime层,该层主要是说通过读取第二层的memory层,而memory主要通过disk或configfile层来获取配置;第一次启动proxysql时,它会从config file层读取配置文件内容到memory层,然后runtime层读取memory层,随后我们就可以通过修改memory层,然后通过load加载到runtime层,或者save存储到disk层;
在各层间移动配置
- MysqL user相关操作:
- LOAD MysqL USERS FROM MEMORY / LOAD MysqL USERS TO RUNTIME
- 将MysqL user从内存数据库加载到运行时数据结构,反之亦然
- SAVE MysqL USERS TO MEMORY / SAVE MysqL USERS FROM RUNTIME
- 将MysqL user从运行时持久化到内存数据库
- LOAD MysqL USERS TO MEMORY / LOAD MysqL USERS FROM DISK
- 将持久化的MysqL user从磁盘数据库加载到内存数据库
- SAVE MysqL USERS FROM MEMORY / SAVE MysqL USERS TO DISK
- 将MysqL user从内存数据库持久化到磁盘数据库
- LOAD MysqL USERS FROM CONFIG
- 从配置文件中将MysqL user加载到内存数据库中
-
- MysqL server相关操作:
- LOAD MysqL SERVERS FROM MEMORY / LOAD MysqL SERVERS TO RUNTIME
- 将MysqL server从内存数据库加载到运行时
- SAVE MysqL SERVERS TO MEMORY / SAVE MysqL SERVERS FROM RUNTIME
- 将MysqL server从运行时持久化到内存数据库
- LOAD MysqL SERVERS TO MEMORY / LOAD MysqL SERVERS FROM DISK
- 将MysqL server从磁盘数据库加载到内存数据库
- SAVE MysqL SERVERS FROM MEMORY / SAVE MysqL SERVERS TO DISK
- 将MysqL server从内存数据库持久化到磁盘数据库
- LOAD MysqL SERVERS FROM CONFIG
- 从配置文件将服务器加载到内存数据库中
-
- MysqL query rules相关操作:
- LOAD MysqL QUERY RULES FROM MEMORY / LOAD MysqL QUERY RULES TO RUNTIME
- 将MySQL查询规则从内存数据库加载到运行时数据结构
- SAVE MysqL QUERY RULES TO MEMORY / SAVE MysqL QUERY RULES FROM RUNTIME
- 将MySQL查询规则从运行时数据结构持久化到内存数据库
- LOAD MysqL QUERY RULES TO MEMORY / LOAD MysqL QUERY RULES FROM DISK
- 将MySQL查询规则从磁盘数据库加载到内存数据库
- SAVE MysqL QUERY RULES FROM MEMORY / SAVE MysqL QUERY RULES TO DISK
- 将MySQL查询规则从内存数据库持久化到磁盘数据库
- LOAD MysqL QUERY RULES FROM CONFIG
- 从配置文件查询规则加载到内存数据库中
-
- MysqL variables相关操作:
- LOAD MysqL VARIABLES FROM MEMORY / LOAD MysqL VARIABLES TO RUNTIME
- 将MysqL变量从内存数据库加载到运行时数据结构
- SAVE MysqL VARIABLES FROM MEMORY / SAVE MysqL VARIABLES TO DISK
- 将MysqL变量从内存数据库持久化到磁盘数据库
- LOAD MysqL VARIABLES TO MEMORY / LOAD MysqL VARIABLES FROM DISK
- 将MysqL变量从磁盘数据库加载到内存数据库
- SAVE MysqL VARIABLES TO MEMORY / SAVE MysqL VARIABLES FROM RUNTIME
- 将MysqL变量从运行时数据结构持久存储到内存数据库中
- LOAD MysqL VARIABLES FROM CONFIG
- 将配置文件变量加载到内存数据库中
-
- admin variables相关操作:
- LOAD ADMIN VARIABLES FROM MEMORY / LOAD ADMIN VARIABLES TO RUNTIME
- 将内存数据库中的管理变量加载到运行时
- SAVE ADMIN VARIABLES TO MEMORY / SAVE ADMIN VARIABLES FROM RUNTIME
- 将管理变量从运行时持久化到内存数据库
- LOAD ADMIN VARIABLES TO MEMORY / LOAD ADMIN VARIABLES FROM DISK
- 将管理变量从磁盘数据库加载到内存数据库
- SAVE ADMIN VARIABLES FROM MEMORY / SAVE ADMIN VARIABLES TO DISK
- 将管理变量从内存数据库持久化到磁盘数据库
- LOAD ADMIN VARIABLES FROM CONFIG
- 将配置文件管理变量加载到内存数据库中
-
-
- 注意:以上命令允许使用以下快捷方式:
- MEM for MEMORY
- RUN for RUNTIME
-
- 例如,这两个命令是等效的:
- SAVE ADMIN VARIABLES TO MEMORY
- SAVE ADMIN VARIABLES TO MEM
提示:以上命令在配置更改加载到RUNTIME之前不会激活任何修改,也就是说只有runtime中的配置生效;
- [root@lxc ~]# MysqL -uadmin -padmin -h127.0.0.1 -P6033
- Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
- Your MysqL connection id is 3
- Server version: 5.5.30 (Proxysql Admin Module)
-
- Copyright (c) 2000,MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
-
- Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
-
- MysqL [(none)]> select * from MysqL_servers;
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- | hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- | 3 | 192.168.0.22 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- | 4 | 192.168.0.23 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- 2 rows in set (0.001 sec)
-
- MysqL [(none)]> insert into MysqL_servers values (4,'192.168.0.21',3307,'ONLINE',1,1000,10,'');
- Query OK,1 row affected (0.001 sec)
-
- MysqL [(none)]> select * from MysqL_servers;
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- | hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- | 3 | 192.168.0.22 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- | 4 | 192.168.0.23 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- | 4 | 192.168.0.21 | 3307 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- 3 rows in set (0.001 sec)
-
- MysqL [(none)]>
提示:以上操作只在memory层中修改,并未加载到runtime,所以在runtime_MysqL_servers表中还是两台后端server
加载MysqL server memory层到runtime层
- MysqL [(none)]> show tables;
- +----------------------------------------------------+
- | tables |
- +----------------------------------------------------+
- | global_variables |
- | MysqL_aws_aurora_hostgroups |
- | MysqL_collations |
- | MysqL_firewall_whitelist_rules |
- | MysqL_firewall_whitelist_sqli_fingerprints |
- | MysqL_firewall_whitelist_users |
- | MysqL_galera_hostgroups |
- | MysqL_group_replication_hostgroups |
- | MysqL_query_rules |
- | MysqL_query_rules_fast_routing |
- | MysqL_replication_hostgroups |
- | MysqL_servers |
- | MysqL_users |
- | proxysql_servers |
- | restapi_routes |
- | runtime_checksums_values |
- | runtime_global_variables |
- | runtime_MysqL_aws_aurora_hostgroups |
- | runtime_MysqL_firewall_whitelist_rules |
- | runtime_MysqL_firewall_whitelist_sqli_fingerprints |
- | runtime_MysqL_firewall_whitelist_users |
- | runtime_MysqL_galera_hostgroups |
- | runtime_MysqL_group_replication_hostgroups |
- | runtime_MysqL_query_rules |
- | runtime_MysqL_query_rules_fast_routing |
- | runtime_MysqL_replication_hostgroups |
- | runtime_MysqL_servers |
- | runtime_MysqL_users |
- | runtime_proxysql_servers |
- | runtime_restapi_routes |
- | runtime_scheduler |
- | scheduler |
- +----------------------------------------------------+
- 32 rows in set (0.001 sec)
-
- MysqL [(none)]> select * from runtime_MysqL_servers;
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- | hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- | 3 | 192.168.0.22 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- | 4 | 192.168.0.23 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- 2 rows in set (0.006 sec)
-
- MysqL [(none)]> select * from MysqL_servers;
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- | hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- | 3 | 192.168.0.22 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- | 4 | 192.168.0.23 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- | 4 | 192.168.0.21 | 3307 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- 3 rows in set (0.001 sec)
-
- MysqL [(none)]> load MysqL servers to runtime;
- Query OK,0 rows affected (0.015 sec)
-
- MysqL [(none)]> select * from runtime_MysqL_servers;
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- | hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- | 3 | 192.168.0.22 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- | 4 | 192.168.0.21 | 3307 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- | 4 | 192.168.0.23 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
- +--------------+--------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
- 3 rows in set (0.006 sec)
-
- MysqL [(none)]>
提示:可以看到执行load操作后,runtime_MysqL_servers就加载进去了;此时我们就把memory层的信息加载到runtime层生效了;
验证:通过连接proxysql所在主机的3306端口,执行写操作,看看是否能够同步到其他从节点?
提示:可以看到在proxysql所在主机连接3306线程,是可以连接到主库,因为默认配置连接是到主库,然后在其上创建一个mydb的数据库,也能够及时的同步到其他从库;
测试:读写操作是否分别调度到不同的节点上?
- [root@lxc ~]# for i in {1..10} ;do MysqL -uroot -padmin123.com -P3306 -h192.168.0.21 -e "select @@server_id" ; done
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 2 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 2 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 2 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 3 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 1 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 1 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 1 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 3 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 1 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 3 |
- +-------------+
- [root@lxc ~]# for i in {1..10} ;do MysqL -uroot -padmin123.com -P3306 -h192.168.0.21 -e "select @@server_id for update" ; done
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 1 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 1 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 1 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 1 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 1 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 1 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 1 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 1 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 1 |
- +-------------+
- +-------------+
- | @@server_id |
- +-------------+
- | 1 |
- +-------------+
- [root@lxc ~]#
提示:可以看到当执行有写锁时,就立刻把操作调度到server_id=1的主库上去操作;读操作是随机调度到各个节点上进行处理;