我提出/找到了一些解决方案，但也许Apache Camel支持更好的解决方案？

配置：

<bean id="myRedeliveryPolicyConfig" class="org.apache.camel.processor.RedeliveryPolicy">
    <property name="maximumRedeliveries" value="3" />
    <property name="backOffMultiplier" value="2" />
    <property name="useExponentialBackOff" value="true" />
    <property name="retryAttemptedLogLevel" value="WARN" />
</bean>

<bean id="myDeadLetterChannel" class="com.x.MyDeadLetterChannelBuilder">
    <property name="deadLetterUri" value="direct:deadLetterChannel"/>
    <property name="redeliveryPolicy" ref="myRedeliveryPolicyConfig"/>
    <property name="loggerName" value="MYLOGGERNAME"/>
</bean>

    <camelContext xmlns="http://camel.apache.org/schema/spring">
        <route id="myEventTriggerRoute" errorHandlerRef="zDeadLetterChannel">
            <from uri="{{my.jmsVirtualTopic.myEventConsumer}}" />
            <process ref="myDbEventProcessor" />
        </route>

        <route>
            <from uri="direct:deadLetterChannel" />
            <log loggingLevel="INFO" message="Message added to dead letter queue" />
            <to uri="{{my.jms.myEventDeadLetterQueueIn}}" />
        </route>
    </camelContext>

自定义DeadLetterChannelBuilder

import org.apache.camel.LoggingLevel;
import org.apache.camel.builder.DeadLetterChannelBuilder;
import org.apache.camel.util.CamelLogger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

@Getter
@Setter
public class MyDeadLetterChannelBuilder extends DeadLetterChannelBuilder {

    private String loggerName;

    @Override
    protected CamelLogger createLogger() {
        return new CamelLogger(LoggerFactory.getLogger(loggerName),LoggingLevel.ERROR);
    }
}