正如Rich Moss在他们的评论中提到的那样，编写的脚本没有处理这些对象，并且您将zip文件保持锁定状态。我最初的解决方案是从存档中提取所有文件，修改所需的文件，然后重新压缩。

Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IO.Compression.FileSystem

$file = Get-ChildItem C:\temp\test3.zip

$tempOutputFolder = "c:\temp\$(New-Guid)"

[System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::ExtractToDirectory($file.FullName,$tempOutputFolder)

$zippedFilesToEdit = Get-ChildItem $tempOutputFolder -Recurse -File | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "new 1" }

foreach ($zippedFile in $zippedFilesToEdit){
    #Modifiy your file,and save it
    Get-Content $zippedFile | for-each {$_ -replace "Pattern","ReplaceWith"} | Out-File $zippedFile.FullName
}

Remove-Item $file.FullName
[System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::CreateFromDirectory($tempOutputFolder,$file.FullName)

这不像直接从存档中修改文件对象那样灵活。如果您的档案/文件很大，那么这将花费很长时间，因此我坐下来通过流进行了处理。该脚本有效，但是我敢肯定会有改进。 （我认为我们实际上可以直接编辑流），而且错误处理可能更好。我们要确保在失败完成后关闭/处置所有对象，因此我们需要对整个事物进行try / catch / finally块，这需要我们检查单个错误，将它们重新包装并抛出（`Write-错误-ErrorAction停止）再次。因为您将看不到错误的实际行号，所以这会使调试更加困难。您必须确保在捕获错误时能够正确处理预期的和意外的错误。

这在Win 10 / PS 5.1上为我运行。

编辑，我在开头和结尾处添加了代码，将通过创建包含10个生成文件的zip归档文件，报告大小，然后执行编辑操作并解压缩以检查zip文件的大小来进行测试。修改后的文件。 此代码将从$ Test *位置删除文件。在运行脚本之前，请先阅读该脚本，以便在按F5键之前知道该怎么做

$TestPath = "C:\temp\zipTest"
$testZipPath = "C:\temp\ZipTest.zip"
$filePathToFind = "test 1.txt"

If (-not (Test-Path $TestPath)){New-Item -Path $TestPath -ItemType Directory}
foreach( $i in 1..10){
   "Some Text/file contents" | Set-Content -Path "$TestPath\test $i.txt" 
}
Remove-Item -Path $testZipPath -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null
[System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::CreateFromDirectory($TestPath,$testZipPath)

Write-Host "File sizes before any operation: "
Get-ChildItem $testZipPath | foreach { Write-Host "filename: $($_.Name),length: $($_.Length)"}
Write-Host "test zip file size: $(Get-ChildItem $testZipPath | select -ExpandProperty Length)"

$file = $testZipPath
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Running the opertion to modify the file in the archive"
try{

    # Check if zip files exists,and can open the file,then open if possible
    If(-not (Test-Path $file)){Write-Error "Zip File does not exist" -ErrorAction Stop}
    try { $fileZip = [System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::Open( $file,'Update' ) }
    catch { Write-Error "Another process has locked the '$file' file." -ErrorAction Stop }

    # Finding the specific file within the zip file
    try{ $fileZip.Entries | Where-Object { $_.FullName -eq $filePathToFind } | Out-Null} 
    catch { Write-Error "Could not find $filePathToFind in $file." -ErrorAction Stop }

    # If needed,read the contents of specific file to $text and release the file so to use streamwriter later
        #Get the entry in the archive that you want to modify
        $zippedEntry = $fileZip.Entries | Where-Object { $_.FullName -eq $filePathToFind }
        if($zippedEntry -eq $null){Write-Error "Could not find entry in zip file" -ErrorAction Stop}
        #Open the file as a stream
        $desiredFile = [System.IO.StreamReader]($zippedEntry).Open() 
        #Read the entire contents to a string variable (Maybe you could manipulate the stream but not sure how to do that)
        $text = $desiredFile.ReadToEnd()

        #Cleanup
        $desiredFile.Close() | Out-Null
        $desiredFile.Dispose()| Out-Null

        #Modify the contents as needed. In this case I am just setting the contents to a bunch of numbers
        [string]$newText = ((1..1000) | % {"$_`n"})

        #Delete the entry in the archive
        $zippedEntry.Delete()
        #Create a new (empty) entry at the path inside the archive
        $newEntry = $fileZip.CreateEntry($filePathToFind)

        #Open the new entry as a stream and write the new text to it
        $stream = [System.IO.StreamWriter] $newEntry.Open()
        $stream.Write($newText)
        $stream.Close()
}
catch {
    throw
}
finally{
    # You want to dispose of everything in a finally block so that the objects get removed even if an error is thrown 
    $desiredFile.Close() | Out-Null
    $desiredFile.Dispose()| Out-Null
    $stream.Close() | Out-Null
    $fileZip.Dispose()| Out-Null
}
Write-Host "Zipped file update complete"
Write-Host ""

# Check zip size and individual file sizes after operation (Just to test. Will delete files on your computer!!!!)
Write-Host "test zip file size after replacement: $(Get-ChildItem $testZipPath | select -ExpandProperty Length)"
$FollowUpTestPath = "$(Split-Path $testZipPath -Parent)\FollowUpTest"
Remove-Item $FollowUpTestPath -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
If(-not (Test-Path $FollowUpTestPath)){New-Item -Path $FollowUpTestPath -ItemType Directory | Out-Null}
[System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::ExtractToDirectory($testZipPath,$FollowUpTestPath)
Write-Host "File sizes after operation: "
Get-ChildItem $FollowUpTestPath | foreach { Write-Host "filename: $($_.Name),length: $($_.Length)"}