尝试一下

     DECLARE @start_date datetime='2019-01-01',@end_date datetime='2019-01-02',@i_minutes int=60

        DECLARE @t TABLE
        (
            id int identity(1,1),time_start datetime,time_end datetime
        )
        INSERT INTO @t(time_start,time_end)VALUES
        ('2019-01-01 08:30:00','2019-01-01 09:40:00'),('2019-01-01 09:10:24','2019-01-01 15:14:19'),('2019-01-01 09:21:15','2019-01-01 09:21:19'),('2019-01-01 10:39:45','2019-01-01 10:58:12'),('2019-01-01 11:39:45','2019-01-01 11:40:10')

        --SELECT @start_date=min(time_start),@end_date=max(time_end)
        --FROM @t

        ;WITH CTE_time_Interval AS
        (
            SELECT @start_date AS time_int,@i_minutes AS i_minutes
            UNION ALL
            SELECT dateadd(minute,@i_minutes,time_int),i_minutes+ @i_minutes
            FROM CTE_time_Interval
            WHERE time_int<=@end_date
        ),CTE1 AS
        (
            SELECT ROW_NUMBER()OVER(ORDER BY time_int)AS r_no,time_int 
            FROM CTE_time_Interval
        ),CTE2 AS
        (
            SELECT a.time_int AS Int_start_time,b.time_int AS Int_end_time 
            FROM CTE1 a
            INNER JOIN CTE1 b ON a.r_no+1=b.r_no
        )

SELECT a.Int_start_time,a.Int_end_time,sum(iif(b.time_start is not null,1,0)) AS cnt
FROM CTE2 a
LEFT JOIN @t b ON
(
    b.time_start BETWEEN a.Int_start_time AND a.Int_end_time 
    OR 
    b.time_end BETWEEN a.Int_start_time AND a.Int_end_time
    OR
    a.Int_start_time BETWEEN b.time_start AND b.time_end
    OR
    a.Int_end_time BETWEEN b.time_start AND b.time_end 
)
GROUP BY a.Int_start_time,a.Int_end_time

嗨，这是我的解决方法。
我用您的数据创建了一个表“ test”。

首先，我获得了最小和最大间隔，然后，使用CTE获得了这些值之间的所有间隔。 最后，有了这个CTE和一个在time_start和time_end之间间隔的左连接，我得到了答案。

这是间隔1小时

DECLARE @minDate AS DATETIME;
DECLARE @maxDate AS DATETIME;

SET @minDate = (select case 
when (select min(time_start) from test) < (select min(time_end) from test) 
then (select min(time_start) from test)
else (select min(time_end) from test) end )
SET @minDate = FORMAT(@minDate,'dd-MM.yyyy HH:00:00')

SET @maxDate = (select case 
when (select max(time_start) from test) > (select max(time_end) from test) 
then (select max(time_start) from test)
else (select max(time_end) from test) end )
SET @maxDate = FORMAT(@maxDate,'dd-MM.yyyy HH:00:00')

;WITH Dates_CTE
     AS (SELECT @minDate AS Dates
         UNION ALL
         SELECT Dateadd(hh,Dates)
         FROM   Dates_CTE
         WHERE  Dates < @maxDate)

SELECT d.Dates as time_interval,count(*) as row_count
FROM   Dates_CTE d
LEFT JOIN test t on d.Dates 
between (FORMAT(t.time_start,'dd-MM.yyyy HH:00:00')) 
and (FORMAT(t.time_end,'dd-MM.yyyy HH:00:00'))  
GROUP BY d.Dates

每隔10分钟，您需要进行一些更改。
首先，我格式化日期以获取分钟数(dd-MM.yyyy HH:mm:00 instead of dd-MM.yyyy HH:00:00) 然后在左侧联接中，将time_start和time_end接近其10分钟的时间（9:30:00中的9:32:00）(dateadd(minute,10 * (datediff(minute,time_start) / 10),0))：

DECLARE @minDate AS DATETIME;
DECLARE @maxDate AS DATETIME;

SET @minDate = (select case 
when (select min(time_start) from test) < (select min(time_end) from test) 
then (select min(time_start) from test)
else (select min(time_end) from test) end )
SET @minDate = FORMAT(@minDate,'dd-MM.yyyy HH:mm:00')

SET @maxDate = (select case 
when (select max(time_start) from test) > (select max(time_end) from test) 
then (select max(time_start) from test)
else (select max(time_end) from test) end )
SET @maxDate = FORMAT(@maxDate,'dd-MM.yyyy HH:mm:00')

;WITH Dates_CTE
     AS (SELECT @minDate AS Dates
         UNION ALL
         SELECT Dateadd(minute,10,count(*) as row_count
FROM   Dates_CTE d
LEFT JOIN test t on d.Dates 
between dateadd(minute,0) 
and dateadd(minute,time_end) / 10),0)
GROUP BY d.Dates

最后我每隔1小时得到一次结果：

+---------------------+-----------+
|    time_interval    | row_count |
+---------------------+-----------+
| 01/01/2019 08:00:00 |         1 |
| 01/01/2019 09:00:00 |         3 |
| 01/01/2019 10:00:00 |         2 |
| 01/01/2019 11:00:00 |         2 |
| 01/01/2019 12:00:00 |         1 |
| 01/01/2019 13:00:00 |         1 |
| 01/01/2019 14:00:00 |         1 |
| 01/01/2019 15:00:00 |         1 |
+---------------------+-----------+

我希望它对您有用。

您需要指定时间间隔。其余的是LEFT JOIN / GROUP BY或相关子查询：

with dates as (
      select convert(datetime,'2019-01-01 07:00:00') as dt
      union all
      select dateadd(hour,dt)
      from dates
      where dt < '2019-01-01 12:00:00'
     )
select dates.dt,count(t.id)
from dates left join
     t
     on dates.dt < t.time_end and
        dates.dt >= dateadd(hour,t.time_start)
group by dates.dt
order by dates.dt;

如果您有大量数据和大量时间段，则可能会发现其性能较差。如果是这种情况，请问一个 new 问题，并提供有关尺寸和性能的更多信息。