您应该查看Python的内置argparse。从命令行手动解析复杂的命令会花费很多麻烦。您可以强制某些参数为某种类型或值。
用法示例:
import sys
import argparse
PHASES = ['clean','package','install','test','deploy']
ALT_PHASES = ['docs','demos','update']
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument(
'phase',help="the target phase",choices=PHASES + ALT_PHASES
)
parser.add_argument(
'--skip-demos',help="skip packaging and deployment of demos",action='store_const',const=str
)
parser.add_argument(
'--skip-docs',help="skip generation and deployment of user's guide",const=str
)
parser.add_argument(
'--skip-tests',help="skip tests",const=str
)
parser.add_argument(
'--skip-wheels',help="skip wheel generation",action="store_const",const=str
)
parser.add_argument(
'--update',help="update the source code in the virtual environment; do not make the wheels",const=str
)
def main(args):
parsed_args = parser.parse_args(args)
print(parsed_args.phase) # prints the phase
if __name__ == "__main__":
main(sys.argv[1:])
输入无效参数时的示例输出:
$ python3 build.py hello
usage: build.py [-h] [--skip-demos] [--skip-docs] [--skip-tests]
[--skip-wheels] [--docs-branch DOCS_BRANCH]
[--skip-formatting] [--int-tests] [--update]
{clean,package,install,test,deploy,docs,demos,update}
build.py: error: argument phase: invalid choice: 'hello' (choose from 'clean','deploy','docs','update')
,
Python中有几个不错的库来支持命令行解析和参数验证。
我过去曾经尝试过Argparse,但效果很好。您可以参考this的答案以了解如何使用Argparse。
希望有帮助!
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