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在HTML上方绘制箭头

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我有一个html表，我想从一个单元格到另一单元格绘制一个箭头。例如这样的

在HTML上方绘制箭头

这怎么办？

示例HTML：

<html>

 <body>

<table>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td id="end">9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td id="start">0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>


</body>

</html>

如果您调整浏览器的大小，则箭头应停留在（新的）开始/结束位置。

adaci 回答：在HTML上方绘制箭头

使用一些JavasSript和CSS，您可以在不使用canvas或SVG的情况下实现这一目标。这是一个示例：

<Grid>
    <WrapperView TitleText ="Step X Title Text">
        <!-- XAML for Step X View -->
    </WrapperView>
</Grid>

function getPosition(el) {
   return {
     x: el.offsetLeft + el.offsetWidth / 2,y: el.offsetTop + el.offsetHeight / 2
   };
 }

 function getDistance(a,b) {
   const from = getPosition(a);
   const to = getPosition(b);

   return {
   //https://stackoverflow.com/a/17628488/529024
     distance: Math.hypot(from.x - to.x,from.y - to.y),angle: Math.atan2(to.x - from.x,from.y - to.y) * 180 / Math.PI,position: {
       start: from,end: to
     }
   }
 }

function init(){
// Get values and elements then set style
 const values = getDistance(
   document.getElementById("start"),document.getElementById("end")
 );
 
 
 let wrapper = document.getElementById('wrapper');
 let arrow = document.getElementById('arrow');
 let bottom = wrapper.offsetHeight - values.position.start.y;
 arrow.style.height = values.distance + "px";
 arrow.style.transform = `rotate(${values.angle}deg)`;
 arrow.style.bottom = bottom + "px";
 arrow.style.left = values.position.start.x + "px";
}

init();

window.addEventListener('resize',function(){
 init();
});
#wrapper {
  position: relative;
  left: 50px;
  top: 100px;
}

#arrow {
  position: absolute;
  width: 2px;
  background-color: red;
  transform-origin: bottom center;
}

#arrow::before {
    position: absolute;
    height: 0px;
    width: 0px;
    border: 6px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 8px solid red;
    content: "";
    bottom: 100%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
  }

,

您可以使用我的解决方案尚未完成绘制箭头， 让我们创建一个画布，并根据起点和终点的计算从两点画一条线。

Example running: https://jsfiddle.net/tabvn/uk7hsj3a    


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8"/>
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
<table id="my-table">
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td id="end">9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="start">0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
    </tr>
</table>

<script type="text/javascript">

  var table = document.getElementById('my-table')
  var startElement = document.getElementById('start')
  var endElement = document.getElementById('end')

  var startPoint = {x: startElement.offsetLeft + table.offsetLeft,y: startElement.offsetTop + table.offsetTop}
  var endPoint = {x: endElement.offsetLeft + table.offsetLeft,y: endElement.offsetTop + table.offsetTop}
  
  var canvas = document.createElement('canvas')
  canvas.width = table.clientWidth
  canvas.height = table.clientHeight
  canvas.style.position = 'absolute'
  canvas.style.top = startPoint.y < endPoint.y ? startPoint.y + 'px' : endPoint.y + 'px'
  canvas.style.left = startPoint.x < endPoint.x ? startPoint.x + 'px' : endPoint.x + 'px'

  var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')

  ctx.beginPath()
  ctx.strokeStyle = 'red'
  ctx.fillStyle = 'red'
  ctx.moveTo(startPoint.x - (startElement.clientWidth / 2),startPoint.y)
  ctx.lineTo(endPoint.x - (endElement.clientWidth / 2),endPoint.y)
  ctx.stroke()
  document.body.insertBefore(canvas,table,30)

</script>

</body>
</html>

,

JavaScript解决方案：

drawLine();

function drawLine () {
  var table = document.getElementById('my-table')
  var startElement = document.getElementById('start')
  var endElement = document.getElementById('end')

  let arrowRadius = 10;

  let xStart = null;
  let xEnd = null;
  if (startElement.offsetLeft > endElement.offsetLeft) {
    xStart = startElement.offsetLeft + (arrowRadius/2);//to add padding just add more wherever theres this pattern 
    xEnd = endElement.offsetLeft + endElement.offsetWidth / 2;
  } else if (startElement.offsetLeft < endElement.offsetLeft) {
    xStart = startElement.offsetLeft + startElement.offsetWidth - (arrowRadius/2);
    xEnd = endElement.offsetLeft;
  } else {
    xStart = startElement.offsetLeft + startElement.offsetWidth / 2;
    xEnd = endElement.offsetLeft + endElement.offsetWidth / 2;
  }

  let yStart = null;
  let yEnd = null;
  if (startElement.offsetTop > endElement.offsetTop) {
    yStart = startElement.offsetTop + (arrowRadius/2);
    yEnd = endElement.offsetTop + endElement.offsetHeight + (arrowRadius/2);
  } else if (startElement.offsetTop < endElement.offsetTop) {
    yStart = startElement.offsetTop + startElement.offsetHeight - (arrowRadius/2);
    yEnd = endElement.offsetTop - (arrowRadius/2);
  } else {
    yStart = startElement.offsetTop + startElement.offsetHeight / 2;
    yEnd = endElement.offsetTop + endElement.offsetHeight / 2;
  }

  let coordBegin = {
    x: xStart,y: yStart
  };
  let coordEnd = {
    x: xEnd,y: yEnd
  };

  var canvas = document.createElement('canvas')
  canvas.width = table.offsetWidth
  canvas.height = table.offsetHeight
  canvas.style.position = 'absolute'

  var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')
  drawArrowhead(ctx,coordBegin,coordEnd,arrowRadius);
  ctx.beginPath()
  ctx.strokeStyle = 'red'
  ctx.fillStyle = 'red'
  ctx.moveTo(coordBegin.x,coordBegin.y)
  ctx.lineTo(coordEnd.x,coordEnd.y)
  ctx.stroke()

  document.body.insertBefore(canvas,table)
}




function drawArrowhead(context,from,to,radius) {
    var x_center = to.x;
    var y_center = to.y;

    var angle;
    var x;
    var y;

    context.beginPath();

    angle = Math.atan2(to.y - from.y,to.x - from.x)
    x = radius * Math.cos(angle) + x_center;
    y = radius * Math.sin(angle) + y_center;

    context.moveTo(x,y);

    angle += (1.0/3.0) * (2 * Math.PI)
    x = radius * Math.cos(angle) + x_center;
    y = radius * Math.sin(angle) + y_center;

    context.lineTo(x,y);

    angle += (1.0/3.0) * (2 * Math.PI)
    x = radius *Math.cos(angle) + x_center;
    y = radius *Math.sin(angle) + y_center;

    context.lineTo(x,y);

    context.closePath();
    context.fillStyle = 'red';
    context.fill();
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8"/>
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
<table id="my-table">
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td id="end">9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
        </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="start">0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
    </tr>
</table>

</body>
</html>

,

您可以使用SVG元素和CSS样式来覆盖表格的绝对位置。并通过getBoundingClientRect()

这样的JavaScript DOM API获取起点和终点

Here是一个演示。 （使用Angular制造，但是您可以在任何地方使用它。纯JavaScript示例如下所示。）

const startElement = document.querySelector('#start');
const endElement = document.querySelector('#end');

const startRect = startElement.getBoundingClientRect();
const endRect = endElement.getBoundingClientRect();

const startX = startRect.right;
const startY = startRect.top;

const endX = endRect.left;
const endY = endRect.bottom;

您可以动态更改开始和结束。您只需重新调用该方法即可获得职位。请注意，我使用左，上，右按钮将箭头放置在元素的边缘。您可以通过比较两个位置来计算中心点或边缘。

您必须将svg放在桌子上。您可以通过设置css position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0来实现。但请注意，您的父母也应具有position属性。例如position: relative。

更新：Here是一个纯JavaScript演示。单击左侧以查看所有文件，然后选择index.js以查看JS内容。 （如VS Code中的代码）。

完整代码：

<table style="position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0;">
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td id="end">9</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td id="start">0</td>
        <td>1</td>
        <td>2</td>
        <td>3</td>
        <td>4</td>
        <td>5</td>
        <td>6</td>
        <td>7</td>
        <td>8</td>
        <td>9</td>
    </tr>

    <svg style="position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; z-index: 1">
        <defs>
            <marker id="arrow" markerWidth="10" markerHeight="10" refX="5" refY="3" orient="auto"
                markerUnits="strokeWidth" viewBox="0 0 20 20">
                <path d="M0,0 L0,6 L9,3 z" fill="#f00" />
            </marker>
        </defs>

        <line id="svg-line" stroke="#f00" stroke-width="5"
            marker-end="url(#arrow)" />
    </svg>
</table>
<script>
const svgLine = document.querySelector('#svg-line');

const startElement = document.querySelector("#start");
const endElement = document.querySelector("#end");

const startRect = startElement.getBoundingClientRect();
const endRect = endElement.getBoundingClientRect();


const startX = startRect.right;
const startY = startRect.top;

const endX = endRect.left;
const endY = endRect.bottom;

svgLine.setAttribute('x1',startX);
svgLine.setAttribute('y1',startY);
svgLine.setAttribute('x2',endX);
svgLine.setAttribute('y2',endY);
</script>

只需将上面的代码复制到一个新的空html文件中，然后在浏览器中运行它即可。

顺便说一句。您也可以使用画布执行此操作。 （替代svg）

,

这是我的处理方式： svg元素使用表的大小作为viewBox值。 您正在计算需要关联的像元的大小和位置，并使用此位置画线。箭头的顶端使用了标记。

请调整窗口大小：

let cells = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll("td"));
// index of cells to be correlated
let n1 = 90;
let n2 = 9;
// a function to draw the arrow
function drawArrow(){
//get the size of the table
let size = theTable.getBoundingClientRect();
//set the viewBox attribute for the svg element
theSVG.setAttributeNS(null,"viewBox",`0 0 ${size.width} ${size.height}`)
//get the size and the position of the cells
let c1 = cells[n1].getBoundingClientRect();
let c2 = cells[n2].getBoundingClientRect();
//set the x1,y1,x2,y2 attributes of the line
theLine.setAttributeNS(null,"x1",`${c1.left + c1.width/2}`);
theLine.setAttributeNS(null,"y1",`${c1.top + c1.height/2}`);
theLine.setAttributeNS(null,"x2",`${c2.left + c2.width/2}`);
theLine.setAttributeNS(null,"y2",`${c2.top + c1.height/2}`); 
}


drawArrow()


window.setTimeout(function() {
  drawArrow()
  window.addEventListener('resize',drawArrow,false);
},15);
body {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}
table,svg{
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  margin: 0;
  position:absolute;
}
td {
  border: 1px solid #d9d9d9;
  padding: 0.5em;
  text-align: center;
}

svg{background:rgba(0,255,.5)}
<table id="theTable">
<tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td id="end">9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
 <tr><td id="start">0</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><tr>
</table>

<svg id="theSVG">
  <defs>
    <marker id="arrow" markerWidth="6" markerHeight="12" refX="8" refY="6" orient="auto">
        <path d="M 0 0 L 8 6 L 0 12" />
    </marker>
  </defs>
  <line id="theLine" marker-end="url(#arrow)" stroke="black" />  
</svg>

更新：

由于有人评论说调整箭头大小会丢失它的位置，所以我要添加gif：

enter image description here

,

您需要将表格放入div中并指定位置为relative的属性 然后为箭头编写HTML（如果需要，请使用图片），并为其赋予绝对属性，然后根据需要使用其样式（顶部，左侧，右侧）。

在https://www.w3schools.com/css/css_positioning.asp

上了解有关位置属性的更多信息
htmljavascriptsvg
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