JENKINS REST API禁止抛出403

问题陈述：

我在云上运行了Jenkins Sever V：2.190.2。在Jenkins Config Security中选择了“登录用户可以做任何事情”权限。因此，这意味着具有有效用户名和密码的用户可以登录到jenkin服务器并执行授权作业。基本上我需要创造工作在Jenkin服务器上通过传递作业名称和jobXml。

尝试以下选项：

到目前为止，我已经使用了Github上的“ jenkinsci / java-client-api” api。这个api对于Jenkins相关操作来说真的是很好的api，我跟随 READ.md上给出的说明。我创建了Jenkins Server实例，并尝试调用getJenkinVersion（）和getJobs（）方法，两者都运行良好并按预期返回结果。但是，当我要调用createJob（jobName，jobXml）时，此调用从服务器返回403禁止的错误。

通过对问题进行更深入的研究，我发现以下内容： 1.当我将Jenkin安全配置更改为“任何用户可以做任何事情”时，此createJob（）方法将起作用，并且我可以创建作业。但是，由于安全限制，不建议使用此选项。 2.当我将Jenkin安全配置保留为“已登录用户可以做任何事情”时，createJob（）方法将不起作用并返回403禁止错误。在这里，我还注意到，尽管我提供了正确的用户名和密码/令牌（用于登录），但仍从UI登录到Jenkins服务器用户文档中定义的Jenkin服务器实例，当碰到该方法时，将以“ ANONYMOUS USER”身份登录到jenkin。我认为这是返回403错误的根本原因。

以下代码段：

**Sample 1**:
        HttpClientBuilder builder = HttpClientBuilder.create();
        JenkinsHttpClient client = new JenkinsHttpClient(uri,builder,"XXX","XXX");
        JenkinsServer jenkins = new JenkinsServer(client);
        String sourceXML = readFile("src/main/resources/config.xml");
        System.out.println(String.format("Installed Jenkins Version >> %s",jenkins.getVersion().getLiteralVersion()));//works and gives correct result
        jenkins.createJob("test-nov1",sourceXML);

**Sample 2**:
        HttpClientBuilder builder = HttpClientBuilder.create();
        JenkinsHttpClient client = new JenkinsHttpClient(uri,addAuthentication(builder,uri,username,passwordOrToken));
        JenkinsServer jenkins = new JenkinsServer(client);
        String sourceXML = readFile("src/main/resources/config.xml");
        System.out.println(String.format("Installed Jenkins Version >> %s",jenkins.getVersion().getLiteralVersion()));
        jenkins.createJob(null,"test-nov1",sourceXML,true);

**Sample Exception**:
    Exception in thread "main" org.apache.http.client.HttpResponseException: status code: 403,reason phrase: Forbidden
    at com.offbytwo.jenkins.client.validator.HttpResponseValidator.validateResponse(HttpResponseValidator.java:11)
    at com.offbytwo.jenkins.client.JenkinsHttpClient.post_xml(JenkinsHttpClient.java:375)
    at com.offbytwo.jenkins.JenkinsServer.createJob(JenkinsServer.java:389)
    at com.offbytwo.jenkins.JenkinsServer.createJob(JenkinsServer.java:359)
    at com.xx.OffByTwoJenkins.main(OffByTwoJenkins.java:31)

选项2 ：我还尝试了其他方法，直接使用HttpUrl连接直接调用Jenkin REST API。

**Sample Code** :
public int createJob(final String username,final String password,final String jenkinsUrl,final String jobName) {
        // http://JENKINSURL//createItem?name=JOBNAME
        String jobUrl = jenkinsUrl + "/createItem?name=" + jobName;

        int responseCode = 00;
        try {
            String basicAuth = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString((username+":"+password).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            //String encoding = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString((username+":"+password).getBytes("utf-8"));
            System.out.println(String.format("User Auth >> %s",basicAuth));
            String sourceXML = readFile("src/main/resources/config.xml");
            URL url = new URL(jobUrl);
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            //connection.setReadTimeout(10000);
            //connection.setConnectTimeout(15000);
            connection.setRequestProperty("Authorization","Basic " + basicAuth);
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/xml");
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Language","en-US");
            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            connection.setUseCaches(false);
            connection.setDoInput(true);
            connection.setDoOutput(true);
            connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(false);
            OutputStream os = connection.getOutputStream();
            os.write(sourceXML.getBytes());
            os.flush();
            responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader((connection.getInputStream())));
            String output;
            System.out.println("Output from Server .... \n");
            while ((output = br.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(output);
            }
            connection.disconnect();
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return responseCode;

    }

This also returns with same error 403 forbidden.

**Exception** :
Caused by: java.io.IOException: Server returned HTTP response code: 403 for URL: <<JenkinsURL>>
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream0(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(Unknown Source)
    at java.net.HttpURLConnection.getResponseCode(Unknown Source)
    at com.xx.JenkinsJobExecutor.createJob(JenkinsJobExecutor.java:109)

我真的无法理解为创建工作而需要调整的地方。谢谢

即使启用了CSRF，以下解决方案也对我有用。

public class JenkinsJobCreate {
public static void main(String[] args) {

    System.out.println("JenkinsJobsTrigger has started ###############################");

    String ipAddress = "http://localhost:8080/";
    String jobName = "Hello-world";

    String username = "admin";
    String password = "admin";

    System.out.println("ipAddress: " + ipAddress);
    System.out.println("jobName: " + jobName);

    System.out.println("username: " + username);
    System.out.println("password: " + password);


    try (JenkinsServer jenkinsServer = new JenkinsServer(new URI(ipAddress),username,password)) {

        // our XML file for this example
        File xmlFile = new File("src/main/resources/config.xml");

        // Let's get XML file as String using BufferedReader
        // FileReader uses platform's default character encoding
        // if you need to specify a different encoding,use InputStreamReader
        Reader fileReader = new FileReader(xmlFile);
        BufferedReader bufReader = new BufferedReader(fileReader);

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        String line = bufReader.readLine();
        while( line != null){
            sb.append(line).append("\n");
            line = bufReader.readLine();
        }
        String jobXml = sb.toString();
        System.out.println("XML to String using BufferedReader : ");
        System.out.println(jobXml);

        bufReader.close();

        jenkinsServer.createJob(jobName,jobXml,true);

    } catch (Exception e) {
        System.out.println("Exception Occured!!!");
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    System.out.println("JenkinsJobsTrigger has Finished ###############################");

}

}

config.xml

<?xml version='1.1' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<project>
  <description></description>
  <keepDependencies>false</keepDependencies>
  <properties/>
  <scm class="hudson.scm.NullSCM"/>
  <canRoam>true</canRoam>
  <disabled>false</disabled>
  <blockBuildWhenDownstreamBuilding>false</blockBuildWhenDownstreamBuilding>
  <blockBuildWhenUpstreamBuilding>false</blockBuildWhenUpstreamBuilding>
  <triggers/>
  <concurrentBuild>false</concurrentBuild>
  <builders>
    <hudson.tasks.Shell>
      <command>echo &quot;Jenkins Testing Hello World!&quot;</command>
    </hudson.tasks.Shell>
  </builders>
  <publishers/>
  <buildWrappers/>
</project>

我的窍门只是使用标准语法在URL中包含用户名和密码。

这是我使用的CURL：

curl -I http://user:gNouIkl2ca1t@54.226.181.123/job/RemoteTriggerExample/build?token=abc-123

因此，如果没有用户名和密码，它将给出403。使用URL中的用户名和密码，它可以正常工作。

提示？可能想使用https而不是http。

JENKINS REST API禁止抛出403

maimang 回答：JENKINS REST API禁止抛出403

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