我的情况是，我在同一台计算机上拥有客户端和服务器，并且始终只交换一条消息。 客户端和服务器代码来自mMSDN示例。 服务器代码：
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
// State object for reading client data asynchronously
public class StateObject {
// Client socket.
public Socket workSocket = null;
// Size of receive buffer.
public const int BufferSize = 1024;
// Receive buffer.
public byte[] buffer = new byte[BufferSize];
// Received data string.
public StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
}
public class AsynchronousSocketListener {
// Thread signal.
public static ManualResetEvent allDone = new ManualResetEvent(false);
public AsynchronousSocketListener() {
}
public static void StartListening() {
// Establish the local endpoint for the socket.
// The DNS name of the computer
// running the listener is "host.contoso.com".
IPHostEntry ipHostInfo = Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName());
IPAddress ipAddress = ipHostInfo.AddressList[0];
IPEndPoint localEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress,11000);
// Create a TCP/IP socket.
Socket listener = new Socket(ipAddress.AddressFamily,SocketType.Stream,ProtocolType.Tcp );
// Bind the socket to the local endpoint and listen for incoming connections.
try {
listener.Bind(localEndPoint);
listener.Listen(100);
while (true) {
// Set the event to nonsignaled state.
allDone.Reset();
// Start an asynchronous socket to listen for connections.
Console.WriteLine("Waiting for a connection...");
listener.Beginaccept(
new AsyncCallback(acceptCallback),listener );
// Wait until a connection is made before continuing.
allDone.WaitOne();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
}
Console.WriteLine("\nPress ENTER to continue...");
Console.Read();
}
public static void acceptCallback(IAsyncResult ar) {
// Signal the main thread to continue.
allDone.Set();
// Get the socket that handles the client request.
Socket listener = (Socket) ar.AsyncState;
Socket handler = listener.Endaccept(ar);
// Create the state object.
StateObject state = new StateObject();
state.workSocket = handler;
handler.BeginReceive( state.buffer,StateObject.BufferSize,new AsyncCallback(ReadCallback),state);
}
public static void ReadCallback(IAsyncResult ar) {
String content = String.Empty;
// Retrieve the state object and the handler socket
// from the asynchronous state object.
StateObject state = (StateObject) ar.AsyncState;
Socket handler = state.workSocket;
// Read data from the client socket.
int bytesRead = handler.EndReceive(ar);
if (bytesRead > 0) {
// There might be more data,so store the data received so far.
state.sb.Append(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(
state.buffer,bytesRead));
// Check for end-of-file tag. If it is not there,read
// more data.
content = state.sb.ToString();
if (content.IndexOf("<EOF>") > -1) {
// All the data has been read from the
// client. Display it on the console.
Console.WriteLine("Read {0} bytes from socket. \n Data : {1}",content.Length,content );
// Echo the data back to the client.
Send(handler,content);
} else {
// Not all data received. Get more.
handler.BeginReceive(state.buffer,state);
}
}
}
private static void Send(Socket handler,String data) {
// Convert the string data to byte data using ASCII encoding.
byte[] byteData = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
// Begin sending the data to the remote device.
handler.BeginSend(byteData,byteData.Length,new AsyncCallback(SendCallback),handler);
}
private static void SendCallback(IAsyncResult ar) {
try {
// Retrieve the socket from the state object.
Socket handler = (Socket) ar.AsyncState;
// Complete sending the data to the remote device.
int bytesSent = handler.EndSend(ar);
Console.WriteLine("Sent {0} bytes to client.",bytesSent);
handler.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
handler.Close();
} catch (Exception e) {
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
}
}
public static int Main(String[] args) {
StartListening();
return 0;
}
}
客户：
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
using System.Text;
// State object for receiving data from remote device.
public class StateObject {
// Client socket.
public Socket workSocket = null;
// Size of receive buffer.
public const int BufferSize = 256;
// Receive buffer.
public byte[] buffer = new byte[BufferSize];
// Received data string.
public StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
}
public class AsynchronousClient {
// The port number for the remote device.
private const int port = 11000;
// ManualResetEvent instances signal completion.
private static ManualResetEvent connectDone =
new ManualResetEvent(false);
private static ManualResetEvent sendDone =
new ManualResetEvent(false);
private static ManualResetEvent receiveDone =
new ManualResetEvent(false);
// The response from the remote device.
private static String response = String.Empty;
private static void StartClient() {
// Connect to a remote device.
try {
// Establish the remote endpoint for the socket.
// The name of the
// remote device is "host.contoso.com".
IPHostEntry ipHostInfo = Dns.GetHostEntry("host.contoso.com");
IPAddress ipAddress = ipHostInfo.AddressList[0];
IPEndPoint remoteEP = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress,port);
// Create a TCP/IP socket.
Socket client = new Socket(ipAddress.AddressFamily,ProtocolType.Tcp);
// Connect to the remote endpoint.
client.BeginConnect( remoteEP,new AsyncCallback(ConnectCallback),client);
connectDone.WaitOne();
// Send test data to the remote device.
Send(client,"This is a test<EOF>");
sendDone.WaitOne();
// Receive the response from the remote device.
Receive(client);
receiveDone.WaitOne();
// Write the response to the console.
Console.WriteLine("Response received : {0}",response);
// Release the socket.
client.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
client.Close();
} catch (Exception e) {
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
}
}
private static void ConnectCallback(IAsyncResult ar) {
try {
// Retrieve the socket from the state object.
Socket client = (Socket) ar.AsyncState;
// Complete the connection.
client.EndConnect(ar);
Console.WriteLine("Socket connected to {0}",client.RemoteEndPoint.ToString());
// Signal that the connection has been made.
connectDone.Set();
} catch (Exception e) {
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
}
}
private static void Receive(Socket client) {
try {
// Create the state object.
StateObject state = new StateObject();
state.workSocket = client;
// Begin receiving the data from the remote device.
client.BeginReceive( state.buffer,new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback),state);
} catch (Exception e) {
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
}
}
private static void ReceiveCallback( IAsyncResult ar ) {
try {
// Retrieve the state object and the client socket
// from the asynchronous state object.
StateObject state = (StateObject) ar.AsyncState;
Socket client = state.workSocket;
// Read data from the remote device.
int bytesRead = client.EndReceive(ar);
if (bytesRead > 0) {
// There might be more data,so store the data received so far.
state.sb.Append(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(state.buffer,bytesRead));
// Get the rest of the data.
client.BeginReceive(state.buffer,state);
} else {
// All the data has arrived; put it in response.
if (state.sb.Length > 1) {
response = state.sb.ToString();
}
// Signal that all bytes have been received.
receiveDone.Set();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
}
}
private static void Send(Socket client,String data) {
// Convert the string data to byte data using ASCII encoding.
byte[] byteData = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
// Begin sending the data to the remote device.
client.BeginSend(byteData,client);
}
private static void SendCallback(IAsyncResult ar) {
try {
// Retrieve the socket from the state object.
Socket client = (Socket) ar.AsyncState;
// Complete sending the data to the remote device.
int bytesSent = client.EndSend(ar);
Console.WriteLine("Sent {0} bytes to server.",bytesSent);
// Signal that all bytes have been sent.
sendDone.Set();
} catch (Exception e) {
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
}
}
public static int Main(String[] args) {
StartClient();
return 0;
}
}
如果客户端是向服务器发送消息的客户端，则此代码有效。我该如何更改服务器还将消息发送到客户端？因此，消息在两个方向上都实例化。 我猜这是在它们之间始终打开套接字的更好方法。